الأخطاء الشائعة وتحليل تكنولوجيا الحماية للمحولات المغمورة بالزيت: من التفريغ الجزئي إلى حوادث الدائرة القصيرة

1.Why oil immersed transformer faults cannot be ignored

Once an internal fault occurs in an محول مغمور بالزيت, وغالبًا ما يؤدي إلى خسائر فادحة, دورات إصلاح طويلة, and even causes power grid accidents.
لذلك, understanding the fault mechanism and configuring the protection system reasonably is a key issue in power engineering.

2.Analysis of common types of internal faults

2.1 التفريغ الجزئي

Initial manifestation of insulation defects
Strong concealment
Sustainable for months or even years

It is the most easily overlooked but dangerous form of malfunction.

2.2 Overheating of windings

Common reasons include:

• Long term overload
• اتصال ضعيف
• Blocked heat dissipation

2.3 Interturn short circuit

الإجهاد الميكانيكي
thermal aging
انهيار العزل

2.4 Severe internal short circuit

Extremely destructive
May cause deformation or even explosion of the fuel tank

3.The core role of insulating oil in fault diagnosis

3.1 Gas Analysis (دي جي ايه)

By analyzing the dissolved gases in the oil, it can be determined that:

• نوع الخطأ
• Fault development stage

3.2 تدهور النفط

Increase in moisture content
Decrease in dielectric strength
Acid value increases

4.Main protection device system for محول مغمور بالزيت

5.تحليل الحالة الهندسية

قضية: Ignoring gas relay alarm

Alarm has occurred but has not been processed
Continuous development of internal discharge
Final inter turn short circuit
The direct economic losses have expanded several times

6.Typical Misconceptions in Operations and Maintenance

Only focus on tripping and do not attach importance to alarms
Ignore regular oil sample testing
Operating without capacity reduction in high temperature environment
The protective device is not regularly calibrated

7.الاتجاه الجديد: Intelligent oil immersed transformer

دي جي ايه على الانترنت
Digital temperature monitoring
Intelligent casing
Remote state assessment

Oil immersed transformers are not “prone to failure”, but require proper understanding and maintenance.
A scientific protection system and professional operation and maintenance strategy are the key to ensuring its long-term stable operation.